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Refficiency

  • Home
  • About Us
    • Our Story
  • News

    • New Critical Mineral Showcase Videos on Youtube!

    • Reflections on CCG’s Critical Mineral Showcase

    • Reflections from Singapore and Vietnam: ISIE 2025 and Climate-Compatible Growth Collaboration

    • Dr Fanran Meng wins Royal Society of Chemistry’s Early Career Prize

    • Critical Minerals dashboards

  • People
  • Projects
  • Publications

    • End-of-Life Management for Wind Turbines

    • The Impact of Mine Ownership on Trade of Metal Ores

    • A systematic review of resilience in the critical minerals supply chains, needed for the low-carbon energy transition

    • Assessing minimum energy requirements and emissions for different raw material compositions in clinker production

    • Barriers, enablers, and opportunities for scaling-up innovative and circular domestic retrofit business models in the UK

  • Resources
    • Resources
    • Talks
  • Contact
  • Home
  • About Us
    • Our Story
  • News

    • New Critical Mineral Showcase Videos on Youtube!

    • Reflections on CCG’s Critical Mineral Showcase

    • Reflections from Singapore and Vietnam: ISIE 2025 and Climate-Compatible Growth Collaboration

    • Dr Fanran Meng wins Royal Society of Chemistry’s Early Career Prize

    • Critical Minerals dashboards

  • People
  • Projects
  • Publications

    • End-of-Life Management for Wind Turbines

    • The Impact of Mine Ownership on Trade of Metal Ores

    • A systematic review of resilience in the critical minerals supply chains, needed for the low-carbon energy transition

    • Assessing minimum energy requirements and emissions for different raw material compositions in clinker production

    • Barriers, enablers, and opportunities for scaling-up innovative and circular domestic retrofit business models in the UK

  • Resources
    • Resources
    • Talks
  • Contact

A robust framework for estimating theoretical minimum energy requirements for industrial processes

Jonathan Cullen
April 10, 2025

Latest paper introduces a standardised framework to calculate minimum energy requirements for industrial processes.

Exploring the Copperbelt: A Journey Through The Promise of Zambia

Gretel
April 2, 2025

Gretel reflects on a trip to Zambia with the Climate Compatible Growth Programme.

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