Sam is a Research Associate, working on the Climate Compatible Growth (CCG) programme. His work explores the demand for critical materials in decarbonisation pathways, how the demand for critical materials leads to geo-political dependencies and the potential for disruption. Sam earned his PhD from the University of Cambridge looking at the development and implications of different net zero pathways in the UK. His research focused on how cost-optimisation modelling informs politics and blocks the creation of alternative pathways. He also holds an MSc in Environmental Economics and Climate Change from the London School of Economics, and a BA in Mathematics and Philosophy from King’s College London.