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Refficiency

  • Home
  • About Us
    • Our Story
  • News
    • CamCOP: Rooted — Nature-Based Climate Solutions Summit

    • CCML Policy Forum

    • CCG workshop on Critical Minerals held in Malawi

    • Mining Indaba 2026: ESG, Risk, and Value Addition in Africa – Insights, Meetings, and Strategic Reflections

    • Assessing Risks and Opportunities of Critical Mineral Development in Malawi

  • People
  • Projects
  • Publications
    • Industrial energy efficiency and decarbonisation via electrification and hydrogen

    • Critical minerals requirements for meeting net zero pathways in the United Kingdom

    • Building stock archetype and modelling (BSAM) framework for coupled material-energy‑carbon assessment

    • Toward responsible mining: Linking ESG strategies with spatial analysis in Zambia’s copper mining industry

    • Ten years on: Are raw material criticality assessments making more sense?

  • Resources
    • Resources
    • Talks
  • Contact
  • Home
  • About Us
    • Our Story
  • News
    • CamCOP: Rooted — Nature-Based Climate Solutions Summit

    • CCML Policy Forum

    • CCG workshop on Critical Minerals held in Malawi

    • Mining Indaba 2026: ESG, Risk, and Value Addition in Africa – Insights, Meetings, and Strategic Reflections

    • Assessing Risks and Opportunities of Critical Mineral Development in Malawi

  • People
  • Projects
  • Publications
    • Industrial energy efficiency and decarbonisation via electrification and hydrogen

    • Critical minerals requirements for meeting net zero pathways in the United Kingdom

    • Building stock archetype and modelling (BSAM) framework for coupled material-energy‑carbon assessment

    • Toward responsible mining: Linking ESG strategies with spatial analysis in Zambia’s copper mining industry

    • Ten years on: Are raw material criticality assessments making more sense?

  • Resources
    • Resources
    • Talks
  • Contact

Materials and Manufacturing: Business growth in a transformative journey to zero emissions

Arthur Poole
May 24, 2022

UK law commits us to zero emissions by 2050 with most of the reduction occurring by 2035. Corporate and political strategy today is counting on new technologies, like...

Plastics and climate change – Breaking carbon lock-ins through three mitigation pathways

Jonathan Cullen
May 19, 2022

The plastic industry is dependent on fossil fuels in various ways that result in strong “carbon lock-in” throughout the value chain and large and growing CO2 emissions. Carbon lock-in...

Resource Use in Poland in 2019: Challenges and Opportunities

Michal Drewniok
May 11, 2022

For this study, energy and material flows are visualised in the form of Sankey diagrams [1] where material and energy flows are traced from material and energy sources,...

Low Carbon Concrete Routemap launch

Michal Drewniok
May 9, 2022

Concrete is the most used material on the planet. We rely on many forms of concrete each day, from pavers that we walk on to high-performance structural concrete...

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